第四堂議論與圖表｜朵拉高中英文寫作課

這堂課你會學會

議論文四步法：立場(Thesis) → 理由(Reasons) → 例證(Evidence) → 結論。
「分點論述」的招式：First / Secondly / Lastly 串起多個理由。
圖表題（bar/line/pie chart）的三段式寫法與專屬數據句型。

本堂教學流程（建議 110 分鐘）

10 分複習 L3：收敘事作業、講評一篇。
25 分議論四步法：用 109〈校園安全〉示範 thesis → 分點理由 → 對策。強調「一個理由配一個例子」。
25 分圖表題三段式：用 108 指考 bar chart 帶數據句型（account for / respectively / rank the top）。這題型句型最固定，背熟就穩拿。
10 分句型銀行操練：填空小測當堂對答案。
35 分實作：二選一寫一篇（議論題 or 圖表題），這篇可當 L5 模考前的暖身。
5 分預告 L5 限時模考規則。

議論的套路

議論文四步法

① 立場 Thesis

開頭就清楚表態，不要騎牆。From my perspective, … / I firmly believe that …

② 理由 Reasons

2–3 個理由分點寫。First and foremost, … Secondly, … Lastly, …

③ 例證 Evidence

每個理由配一個例子或數據，最有說服力。For instance, … A case in point is …

④ 結論 Conclusion

重申立場、給呼籲。All in all, … / To sum up, we should …

圖表題專屬武器

圖表描述句型銀行

圖表題（看 bar/line/pie chart 寫作）句型最固定，背熟這幾組就能穩穩拿分。取自 108 指考範文。

開頭：這張圖呈現… 句型

The chart depicts information about …illustrating / presenting / showing

Given is the bar chart depicting the news that teenagers from 18 to 29 pay attention to.

最高 / 排名句型

ranks the topreaches approximately 70%obtains / gains

Environmental issues rank the top, which reaches approximately 70 percent.

佔有 (百分比) 句型

account formake uptake upconstitute

News about entertainment accounts for 58 percent.

分別地 / 大約句型

respectivelyapproximatelynearly / roughly / around

…with 64 and 59 percent respectively.

最後一項句型

Last but not leastLastlySubsequently

Last but not least, simply 30 percent care about art and culture news.

總結數據句型

In conclusionAll in allTo sum upIn short

All in all, young people pay more emphasis on natural and social issues.

圖表題三段式架構

第一段：一句總述（這圖在講什麼）＋點出最高與最低（the top / the least）。
第二段：依序描述各項數據，用 account for / respectively 串。切忌把每個數字都唸一遍流水帳，要有「比較」（A 比 B 高）。
第三段：個人觀點——通常題目會問「你最關心哪一項？為什麼」，回到議論四步法收尾。

看真實範文

範文拆解：109 指考〈校園安全〉

立場 School environment indeed plays a vital role in students' growing process. If students cannot study in a safe environment, they are deprived of their basic right of education.

理由+例證 To begin with, teachers should help students cultivate a sense of belonging. Secondly, a report system should be created. Lastly, school administration should provide sufficient budget for security facilities.

結論 I'm convinced that if the above can take shape, students can enjoy a carefree school life and create their bright future.

看它怎麼分點：To begin with / Secondly / Lastly 三個對策清清楚楚。議論文＝把理由「編號」，閱卷老師一眼看到結構。

當堂小測

圖表句型填空

點空格翻牌。

Given is the bar chart depicting the issues young Americans care about. Environmental disasters rank the top, which reaches approximately 70 percent. News about entertainment accounts for 58 percent. Last but not least, only 30 percent care about art. All in all, they value social issues over cultural ones.

當堂實作（二選一）

寫一篇

A. 議論題：Should high schools ban smartphones on campus?（高中該禁止校園使用手機嗎？）

用四步法：表態 → 2 個理由（First / Secondly）→ 各配例子 → 結論。約 120 字。

B. 圖表題：假設一張長條圖顯示「高中生每天使用各 App 的時間」（社群 3hr、遊戲 2hr、學習 1hr…）

三段式：總述＋最高最低 → 數據比較 → 你的看法。約 120 字。

0 words✓ 已存

From my perspective, smartphones should be banned during class. First and foremost, phones distract students from learning. For instance, in my class, those who hide phones under desks often miss key points and fail quizzes. Secondly, constant notifications harm concentration… All in all, a phone-free classroom helps students focus and learn better.

學完自我檢查

這堂我達標了嗎

我的議論文開頭就清楚表態，理由有編號（First / Secondly）。
每個理由我都配了一個例子或數據。
圖表題我會用 account for / respectively / rank the top，而且有「比較」不是流水帳。

議論與圖表有論點、有證據、有結構